Types of Errors In C Programming Language

Syntax error
Run-time error
Linker error
Logical error
Semantic error

Let's discuss them one by one.

Syntax error

Syntax errors are those errors which occur when we violate the rules of writing C syntax. These are also called compile-time error. This error tells whats need to be corrected in the program. These error are detected by compiler.

Most common syntax errors are missing semicolon, pranthesis, etc.

Code

#include<stdio.h>

int main(){
    printf("Crackexams99.com")
    return 0;
}

Output

c.c: In function 'main':
c.c:4:31: error: expected ';' before 'return'
     printf("Crackexams99.com")
                               ^
                               ;
     return 0;
     ~~~~~~

Run-time error

These are errors which occurs during the execution-time even after the successful compilation of the program. The division by zero is one of the common example for run-time error.

Code

#include <stdio.h>  
int main()  
{   
    int a=2/0;  
    printf("%d", a);  
    return 0;  
}

Output

c.c: In function 'main':
c.c:4:12: warning: division by zero [-Wdiv-by-zero]
     int a=2/0;
            ^

Linker error

These are errors which occurs due to wrong function prototyping, incorrect header files. For example typing print instead of printf or Main instead of main.

Code

#include <stdio.h>  
int Main()  
{   
    int a=2;  
    printf("%d", a);  
    return 0;  
}

Output

Return error

Logical error

On Compilation desired output is not obtained. These are error free for compiler.

Code

#include <stdio.h>  
int main()  
{   
    int a=8/3;  
    printf("%d", a);  
    return 0;  
}

Output

Semantic error

These are errors which occur when the statements are not meaningful for the compiler. Like uninitialized variables, using unsuitable data types.

Code

#include <stdio.h>  
int main()  
{   
    int a;
    a = a + 1  ;
    printf("%d", a);  
    return 0;  
}

Output

Return Garbage Value

Types of Errors In C Programming Language