Major key difference between stack and queue.

Major key difference between stack and queue.

 Here are some key differences between stacks and queues:

Stacks

1. Operate on the principle of last-in-first-out (LIFO).
2. Elements are added and removed from the top of the stack
3. Can be thought of as a stack of plates, where the last plate added is the first one removed
4. Operations: push (add element to the top of the stack) and pop (remove element from the top of the stack)
5. Common applications: function calls, undo-redo operations.

Queues

1. Operate on the principle of first-in-first-out (FIFO)
2. Elements are added to the rear of the queue and removed from the front of the queue
3. Can be thought of as a line of people waiting for a movie ticket, where the first person in line is the first to receive the ticket
4. Operations: enqueue (add element to the rear of the queue) and dequeue (remove element from the front of the queue)
5. Common applications: scheduling, resource allocation, sorting

Some additional differences to note:

1. Stacks are often used for operations that involve recursion, such as recursive function calls, because they allow for easy backtracking.
2. Queues are often used for breadth-first search (BFS) algorithms, because they ensure that the search explores all nodes at a given depth before moving on to the next level.
3. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists, while queues can also be implemented using arrays or linked lists, as well as other data structures like circular buffers or double-ended queues (deque).
4. Stacks have a single insertion and deletion point (the top of the stack), while queues have two points (front and rear) for insertion and deletion.